|
Word |
Word Family |
Collocations |
Example sentence |
Synonyms |
Antonyms |
Other |
|
activate (v)
|
|
reactivate (v) TTelem 11 Language and Communication
Whenever you leave the building, you have to
reactivate
the alarm. |
p.30
The computer activates
the yaw motor, which turns
the rotor into the
wind. |
|
|
يشغَّل . يحرَّك |
|
alternative (adj)
|
alternative (n) TTelem 4 Travel and Transport
Travelling to work by bicycle is a healthy
alternative
to using the bus. |
|
p.28 Identify these sources of
alternative energy. Work in groups and discuss how each can be used
to replace fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal.
TTelem 4 Travel and Transport
The motorway was closed so we had to
find an alternative
route. |
|
|
بديل . آخر |
|
blades (n)
|
|
|
p.30 The blades capture the wind energy. |
|
|
شفْرة . ريشة المروحة |
|
carbon emissions (n) |
|
|
Is public transport
important for reducing carbon emissions? p.50 |
|
|
إصدار كاربون |
|
collapse (v)
|
collapse (n) TT 4 Travel and Transportation
The risk of collapse is
inherent
in this industry. |
|
p.28 When they were constructing the bridge, part of the tunnel
collapsed. |
|
|
ينهار |
|
commercially (adv)
|
Commercial (adj) TT 6 Lifestyles
Safety considerations were
subordinated
to commercial interests. |
|
p.28 What
does it mean if
a project
is commercially
viable?
P.126 “It’s only going to be achieved if we make it commercially
viable. |
|
|
تجارياً |
|
commercially viable (adj) |
|
|
What
does it mean if
a project
is
commercially
viable?
p.28 |
|
|
قابل للنجاح تجاراياً |
|
convert (n) |
|
|
The generator converts
the mechanical energy into electrical power. p.31
|
|
|
يتحوِّل الى |
|
converter (n)
|
To convert (v) TTelem 10 Education
What is the
formula
for converting miles to kilometres?
TT 6 Lifestyle
How do you
convert
pounds into kilos? |
|
p.28
What names
have
people given
to
previous
wave
converters? |
|
|
مُحَوِّل ج مُحَوِلات |
|
determine (v)
|
|
|
p.31 The anemometer and wind vane determine the wind speed and
direction and transmit this to the computer.
TTelem 12 Countries and Nationalities
It is not usually easy to determine someone’s precise
ethnic
origin from the way they look. |
|
|
يعيّن . يحَدِّد |
|
dynamo (n)
|
|
|
p.33 The front wheel turns the dynamo. |
|
|
مولّد كهربائي . دينامو |
|
emissions (n)
|
|
|
p.28 What are carbon emissions? p.125 “Our object is to earn
revenue for people and in so doing, come up with an energy that reduces
carbon emissions.” |
|
|
غاز منطلق . إطلاق
|
|
fossil fuel (n)
|
|
|
p.28 Work in groups and discuss how each
can be used to replace fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal. |
|
|
وقود متحجر (فهم ,الغازوالنفط,الخ مثلا) |
|
gearbox (n) |
|
|
The nacelle,
the
casing at the
top
of the
tower,
contains
the most important
components
including the
gearbox,
generator, and
computer. p.30 |
|
|
علبة مسنَّنات |
|
generate (v)
|
|
|
p.30 On
a large turbine, the power generated is between 600 kW and 3,000
kW.
TTelem
2 Science and Technology
These
old-fashioned radiators don’t
generate
much
heat.
|
|
|
يولَّد |
|
go on about (pv)
|
To go on (pv)
يحدث .
يجري p.29 While the operation was going on in France,
doctors in other countries were able to assist using telesurgery.
to go on to
استمر
(علي او في) (pv)
Most pupils at this school go on to study at
institutes
of higher education. |
|
p.338 Oxford Word Power “His parents are always going on about
the way he dresses—jeans low on his hips, instead of nice, elegant
trousers.” |
|
|
يشكو باستمرار |
|
Word |
Word Family |
Collocations |
Example sentence |
Synonyms |
Antonyms |
Other |
|
hydroelectric (adj)
|
|
|
p.35 The self-sufficient energy community on page 35 has a Micro
Hydroelectric Facility, a power generator on a small river.
|
|
|
مائي كهربائي . هيدرو كهربائي |
|
hydraulic system (n) |
|
|
It
contains
pipes
for
the
hydraulic
system,
which
operates the
aerodynamic
brakes. p.368 Oxford Word Power |
|
|
نظام هيدروليكي |
|
objectives (n)
|
object (n) p.125 “Our object is
to earn revenue for people and in so doing, come up with an energy that
reduces carbon emissions.” |
|
p.28
His
company
has
two objectives. One
is
to earn
revenue for people.
What
is the other?
TTelem 1 Business and Commerce
The
priority this year for the company is to
focus
on our
key business objectives. |
|
|
هدف . غاية |
|
offshore (adj)
|
|
|
p.30 Wind
farms consisting of
numbers of
turbines
are
increasingly
being
constructed
both on land, usually
on
high
ground, and offshore. |
|
|
على مقربة من الساحل |
|
plant (n)
|
|
(heart) transplant (n)
عملية
زرع الأعضاء
A
heart transplant was his only chance of
survival. |
p.35/p.582 Oxford Word Power “A gasification plant is a “place,”
i.e. a sort of factory, where the industrial process of changing wood
into gas takes place.”
p.582 Oxford Word Power “You have to water the plants every day,
or else they will die.” |
|
|
نبات
في الصناعة= مصنع . معمل |
|
potential (adj)
|
|
|
p.33 “potential energy”/p.595 Oxford Word Power “Wind power is a
potential source of energy.”
TTelem 2 Science and Technology
Wind power is a
potential
source of energy.
|
|
|
ممكن |
|
prevent (v)
|
|
|
p.30
If
the
wind reaches
storm force,
about
25
metres
per
second,
the
computer
closes down the turbine to prevent damage.
TTelem 2 Crime and SocietyThe
government plans to tighten controls to prevent illegal
immigrants.
|
|
|
يمنع |
|
protestors (n)
|
to protest (v) TTelem 6 Lifestyle
He protested that his
exclusion
from the decision-making process was unfair |
|
p.29 As they were building the wind farm, protestors damaged some
equipment.
.TT 2 Science and Technology
The protesters were in place at the site,
protesting about the location of the
nuclear
power
station. |
|
|
متظاهَر |
|
renewable (adj)
|
|
|
p.30
Wind
power
is
renewable
and non-polluting
and can
be used to drive
wind
turbines like the
one
illustrated.
|
|
|
قادر بالتجديد |
|
renewable energy (n) |
|
|
Work
in
groups.
Research
one of these topics and report your findings to the rest of the
class.
4 Renewable energy projects in Malmo, Sweden.
p.34 |
|
|
طاقة متوفرة |
|
replace (v)
|
|
|
p.28
Identify
these
sources
of alternative energy.
Work
in groups
and
discuss how each can be used to replace fossil fuels
like
oil,
gas, and coal.
|
|
|
يستبدل . يحل محله
|
|
rotate (v)
|
|
|
p.30 The
rotor
rotates
quite slowly, at about 30 r.p.m. |
|
|
يدور . يدير |
|
self-sufficient (adj)
|
|
|
p.32 This
diagram
shows
how
a
community
could
be self-sufficient in energy. List
the
different ways
it
shows
of providing power
to
homes. |
|
|
مستقل . او مكتفٍ ذاتياً |
|
sewage (n)
|
|
|
p.35 The picture of a self-sufficient community on p.35 shows large
holding tanks, which are producing biogas from sewage.
TT 2 Science and Technology
The raw sewage is
chemically
treated. |
|
|
مياه وأوساخ المجاري |
|
Word |
Word Family |
Collocations |
Example sentence |
Synonyms |
Antonyms |
Other |
|
solar (adj)
|
solar (adj) p.736 Oxford Word Power “solar heating”
مستخدم
الطاقة الشمسية |
|
p.33 solar energy/ p.736 Oxford Word Power “the solar system,” “solar
heating” |
|
|
شمسي |
|
thermal (adj)
|
|
|
p.32 I looked up “thermal store”
on Google and it seems to be a place where heat is stored in order to
heat water.
|
|
|
حراري |
|
transmit (v) |
|
|
The
low-speed shaft
transmits
power from the hub to the
gearbox. p.30 |
|
|
ينْقُل . يبُث |
|
tubular (adj)
|
|
|
p.30
Most
towers are tubular
to
allow
safe
access for maintenance.
|
|
|
أُنْبوبي |
|
turbine (n)
|
|
|
p.30 Wind
power
is
renewable
and non-polluting
and can
be used to drive
wind
turbines
like the
one
illustrated. |
|
|
تور بينة |
|
viable (adj)
|
|
|
p.28
What
does it mean if a project
is commercially
viable?
P.126 “It’s only going to be
achieved if we make it commercially viable. |
|
|
قابل للنجاح |
|
wave (n)
|
|
|
Hill
or
ridge lift is
created
by the wind blowing
against a hillside
and being
forced upwards. Wave
lift is created
when air passes over
a
mountain. p.38 |
|
|
موجة |
|
wind (n)
|
|
|
Hill
or
ridge lift is
created
by the wind
blowing against a hillside
and being
forced upwards. Wave
lift is created
when air passes over
a
mountain. |
|
|
ريح |
