|
Word |
Word Family |
Collocations |
Example sentence |
Synonyms |
Antonyms |
Other |
|
abandon (v)
|
|
|
This time
the city never really recovered. It
was
occupied
by
various
armies until it was abandoned in the
8th
century CE.
p.51 |
|
|
يترك . يتخلى عن |
|
achievements (n)
|
|
|
One of his
greatest achievements was the building of the first Great Wall of
China to protect China from its enemies.p.45 |
|
|
إنجاز |
|
actively (adv)
|
|
|
These
days
school children are actively encouraged
to
visit
museums,
which
put
on special
displays to
educate
and inform them. p.50 |
|
|
بنشاط . فاعليةً |
|
admire (v)
|
|
|
The
Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg has over three million objects which
visitors can admire. p.48 |
|
|
ينظر باعجاب الى |
|
arrange (v)
|
What are the
security arrangements?
p.61 |
|
They
were discovered arranged in military formation ready to protect
the emperor in the afterlife. p.45 |
|
|
رتَّب . نظَّم |
|
assemble (v)
|
|
|
All the
different parts of the body such as legs, arms, and heads were made
separately and then assembled. p.45 |
|
|
اجتمع . جمع |
|
attentively (adv)
|
|
|
The
students listened attentively to Dr Potter's lecture on the
excavations at Leptis Magna. p.50 |
|
|
بإنْتِباه |
|
brief (adj)
|
|
|
This essay
will
give
a brief description of the Inca city of
Machu
Picchu, in
modern day Peru. p.51 |
|
|
قصير |
|
collapse (v)
|
|
|
However,
when it suffered another earthquake in 365 CE, the buildings
simply
collapsed.
p.51 |
|
|
سقط . تحدَّم
|
|
complicated (adj)
|
|
|
The controversial
research
was further
complicated by
the resignation of
the
chief scientist. p.50
|
|
|
مُعَقَّد |
|
conserve (v)
|
|
|
This essay
will describe and evaluate the purpose of museums,
r:amely
to educate, research, and conserve. p.49 |
|
|
حفظ |
|
construct (v)
|
|
|
It
is
clear that they
were
planned and
constructed
with great care
and precision. p.51
Since then,
some of
the major
buildings
such
as the
theatre have been reconstructed and many pieces of artwork have
been discovered. p.51 |
|
|
بيى |
|
Word |
Word Family |
Collocations |
Example sentence |
Synonyms |
Antonyms |
Other |
|
deserve (v)
|
|
|
The
Terracotta Army clearly deserves this honour,
as
nearly two
million people from all over the world visit it each year (fig. 5). p.46 |
|
|
أستحٌقَّ |
|
endeavour (v)
|
|
|
It is
impossible to describe
precisely/truly
how an
ancient people lived, but
archaeologists endeavour
to give as
accurate a picture as possible. p.50 |
|
|
سَعى . حاول |
|
excavation (n)
|
|
|
The
students listened attentively to Dr Potter's lecture on the
excavations at Leptis Magna. p.50 |
|
|
حفريات |
|
formation (n)
|
|
|
They were
discovered arranged in military formation ready to protect the
emperor in the afterlife.p.45 |
|
|
في تنظيم خاص (عسكرية) |
|
fragment (n)
|
|
|
Skilled
workers search methodically through hundreds of thousands of
fragments
to
find the right piece to complete each figure. p.46 |
|
|
قطعة صغيرة
(من اناء مكسورة مثلاً) |
|
funding (n)
|
|
|
Museums
need extensive funding for research. Money is required to exhibit
the objects properly and safely. (Furthermore/Moreover). p.48 |
|
|
اموال |
|
impressive (adj)
|
|
|
The number of
gold objects found in the tomb was extremely impressive. p.49 |
|
|
(خطاب) رائع .
(مجهود) عظيم |
|
inaccessible (adj)
|
|
|
It is
unlikely that it had any military or commercial functions because it was
built so high up and in a fairly inaccessible place. p.51 |
|
|
لا سبيل الى بلوغه |
|
inappropriate (adj) |
|
|
Does the essay exclude irrelevant or inappropriate information?
p.47
|
|
|
(نقطة) لا صلة لها .
(بالمناقشة) خارج عن الموضوع
|
|
indicate (v)
|
|
|
Do they indicate reason or result? p.48
|
|
|
اشار الى |
|
linked (adj)
|
|
|
Are ideas linked appropriately? p.48 |
|
|
مرتبط بِ |
|
methodically (adv)
|
|
|
Skilled
workers search methodically through hundreds of thousands of
fragments to find the right place to complete each figure. p.50 |
|
|
بنظام . منتظماً |
|
Word |
Word Family |
Collocations |
Example sentence |
Synonyms |
Antonyms |
Other |
|
occupy (v)
|
|
|
It
was occupied
by
various
armies until it was
abandoned in the
8th century
CE.p.50 |
|
|
إحتلّ مكانً |
|
preserved (adj)
|
|
|
How
are
the
statues
being
preserved?
p.46 |
|
|
محفوظ |
|
reconstruct (v)
|
|
|
Since then,
some of
the major
buildings
such
as the
theatre have been reconstructed and many pieces of artwork have
been discovered. p.51 |
|
|
أصلح بناءً قديماً |
|
remarkably (adv)
|
It is a
truly remarkable feat of engineering. p.52 |
|
Remarkably
is the adverb from remarkable. p.55
|
|
|
يسنرعي الإنتباه |
|
repair (v)
|
|
|
Helped by
ground
control.
the crew managed
5
to
repair this damage during a spacewalk, and the mission continued.
p.59 |
|
|
أصلح |
|
revenue (n)
|
|
|
The economy can benefit enormously from the revenue
produced by visitors to historic sites and museums.p.50 |
|
|
إيرادات (الدولة) .
دخل عام |
|
solution (n)
|
|
|
These
skyscrapers are seen as a solution to the shortage of available
land because, by building vertically rather than horizontally, more
accommodation can be obtained from the same surface area. p.57 |
|
|
حلّ |
|
speculate (v)
|
|
|
This
feat of
construction has led archaeologists to
speculate
about
the
type of
tools
which could
have
been used to cut the stone so perfectly. p.50
|
|
|
تأمَّلَ . تفكَّر |
|
surround (v)
|
|
|
More than 700,000 workers and craftsmen took 38 years to complete the
huge imperial palace, offices, and halls, all surrounded by a
wall. p.45 |
|
|
أحاط ب
|
|
thriving (adj)
|
|
|
However, by
the second century BCE, Sabratha
was
a
thriving
city.
Its
success
was
based on
trade north across the Mediterranean and
south
into
Africa for animals and ivory. p.51 |
|
|
مزدثر |
