nInterdepartmental work
groups: pass work from department to department (purchasing, receiving, accounts payable) in a chain, forming a super group; membership closed; coupling tight; no hierarchy
nCommittees and task
forces: formed to deal with a subject area or issue, then disband; does not require full-time work by the members; membership not too closed; interaction not as tightly coupled
n“Communities of
practice”: group of people who work or play together for so long that they have developed an identifiable way of doing things; ex. volunteer organization