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- Chapter 1
- Information Systems Management In Practice 5E
- McNurlin & Sprague
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- U.S. passed from the industrial era to the information era as early as
1957.
- The number of U.S. employees whose jobs were primarily to handle
information surpassed the number of industrial workers.
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- The External Organizational Environment
- IT allows information to move faster, thus increasing the speed at
which events take place and the pace at which individuals and
organizations respond to events.
- The Internal Organizational Environment
- Outsourcing and Strategic Alliances
- Examining types of work that should be done internally or externally
by others
- The Demise of Hierarchy
- Hierarchical structures cannot cope with rapid change.
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4
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- It “enables” advances in organizational performance.
- Hardware Trends
- Batch processing predominant; on-line systems emerged later
- 1980s: Advent of personal computers
- Client-Server computing: “Client”
machine user interfaces with “Server” on holding the data and applications
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7
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8
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- Early days: “paperwork factories”
- Objectives of information systems defined by productivity measures
- MIS era: produced reports for “management by exception” for all levels
of management
- Improve the performance of people in organizations through the use of
information technology
- Performance improvement: a goal based on the outcomes
- Focus is the people
- Resource for this improvement is IT
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- Some applications, such as Web page development, database management,
and spreadsheet manipulation, are developed and used by employees.
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- The Users
- Activities are well defined
- Efficiency
- Handling data
- Measured by results
- Figuring out how to attain goals
- Handling concepts, not data
- The wave of the future is applying IT to goal-based activities, where
the enterprise is more important than the process.
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- Four major components:
- The technology
- Information workers
- The system development and delivery function
- The management of the IS function
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- The 1990s: Implement Vision 2000
- Mainframe would continue to be the best platform for large-volume
transaction systems requiring massive computing power; could become an
enterprise server; consistent with the adoption of an enterprise wide
client-server application
- Integration of voice, image, and video at desktops; higher capacity
networks are needed
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- The 1990s: Implement Vision 2000
- Unit costs of technology will continue to decline; overall IT usage at
Mead would increase
- PCs present a hidden cost
- Technology advancements would increase; challenge is to balance the
need for standards while keeping up with the pace of change
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