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The HTML Elements (i - o)

Group I

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<i> italic

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<i>Drilling?</i>, repeated Ginger, <i>How would I know how to drill? I'm a cat...</i>, he said.

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Drilling?, repeated Ginger, How would I know how to drill? I'm a cat..., he said.

• src=URL
  This attribute is always required and is used to state the source, ie. URL of the image.

• align=left|right|middle|top|texttop|absmiddle|baseline|bottom|absbottom
  As you can see, Netscape have massively extended this attribute. The left and right are probably the most useful and create a new floating type graphic which finds the next available margin to allow text to wrap. The rest of the align options are an attempt to get graphics to do exactly what you want them to. Top aligns with the top of the tallest item in the line. Texttop aligns with the top of the tallest text in the line (not always the same as top). Middle aligns the middle of the image with the baseline of the current line. Absmiddle aligns the middle of the image with the middle of the current line. Baseline aligns the bottom of the image with the baseline of the current line. Bottom does exactly the same as baseline. Absbottom aligns the bottom of the image with the bottom of the current line.

  You must use align if you wish to wrap text around the graphic, otherwise the image will behave as a character. Note: to place an image in the centre of the screen you must use <center>, however text will not wrap around the graphic in this case.

• alt=text
  This is used to add an alternative text for non-graphical browsers. The text is conventionaly provided inside square brackets for clarity.

• border=value
  When the image is included in a hypertext link, the default border which indicates a link can be resized in terms of pixels. Set border=0 to turn off the border.

• height=value, width=value
  The height and/or width of a graphic can be specified in pixels. If just one of these attributes is included, the other is automatically calculated to keep the original aspect ratio. Therefore to stretch or squash an image you must specify both width and height. Not all browsers support this attribute. It is very good idea to specify the width and height for every image you use, as browsers can then display text before the images have loaded, giving the effect of quicker downloads.

• hspace=value
  Specifies a horizontal space in pixels, to the left and right of the image.

• vspace=value
  Specifies a vertical space in pixels, to the top and bottom of the image.

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  <a href="http://adaweb.com/adaweb/influx/long/long0.html">
<img align="left" border="off" height=80 src="graphics/body1.gif" hspace=15 alt="[amorphous body]">
Armorphous body</a>


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  Armorphous body
  

• ismap
  Sets the graphic as a server-side image map. For more information, see the section dedicated to Image maps.

• usemap="name"
  Sets the graphic as a client-side image map. The usemap attribute contains the location of the map file and uses the same syntax as the href attribute of the <a> element. The map definition can be contained within the HTML document, in which case a # is used to indicate a local file. If the map was contained separately in a graphics directory, the usemap attribute could read usemap="graphics/picture.map". For more information, see the section dedicated to Image maps.

Group L

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<li> bullet

Group M

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<map> image map definition

• name="text"
  Provides a unique name for the image map file, as referenced by the usemap attribute of the <img> tag displaying the image map.

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  <map name="definition1">
definition using the <area> tag
</map>

There is, however, still one useful and exciting side of <meta>. Using the http-equiv and content attributes, you can get an HTML page to automatically jump to another page or file after a specified time delay. This means if you wish to redirect users from an old page to a new one, you can do so automatically by adding the appropriate <meta> command. Similarly you can automatically load a sound file on entering a document.

The <meta> command must be placed in the <head> tags.

• http-equiv="refresh"
  Tells the browser to jump to the document or file specified in the content attribute.

• content="number; url=URL"
  Specifies the time delay in seconds and the address of the file to jump to.

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  <head>
  <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="10; url=html2ii.htm#meta">
  </head>

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  The above code is contained in an example page that will return you here after a 10 second wait. The Sound section of Special Procedures contains another example which automatically loads a sound file on entering a document.

• name="description | keywords"
  Tells the server whether the contents is a description or a list of keywords.

• content="text | comma separated list"
  Depending on the value of the name attribute, contents provides a description of the document or list of keywords separated by commas.

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  <meta Name="description" Content="All the HTML elements, attributes and extensions. Teach yourself with clear explanations and examples for every single command.">
  <meta Name="keywords" Content="HTML commands, writing web pages, extensions, attributes, tags, forms, tables, frames, authoring">

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  The above code could be used to describe this document. A search engine may use the keywords to identify the document in a search and then display the description with the document title.

Group N

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<nobr> no break

Group O

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<ol> ordered list