#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>      //Must be included for string manipulation

int main(void){
    char str1[80], str2[80];
    
    // Note: '\0'  is NULL
    printf("%d   %d\n", '\0',  NULL);
    
    puts("\nEnter the first string");
    gets(str1);
    
    puts("Enter the second string");
    gets(str2);
    
    // FINDING THE LENGTH OF A STRING
    // Note: The terminating null character is not included in the length
    printf("\nLength of string1 is %d\n", strlen(str1));
    printf("Length of string2 is %d\n", strlen(str2));
    
    // COMPARING A STRING TO ANOTHER STRING WITH CASE SENSITIVITY
    if(! strcmp(str1, str2))
      printf("\nThe two strings are equal\n");
    else
      printf("\nThe two strings are not equal\n");
      
    // COMPARING A STRING TO ANOTHER STRING WITHOUT CASE SENSITIVITY
    //NOTE: stricmp IS NOT A STANDARD C FUNCTION, SOME C COMPILERS DO NOT SUPPORT IT
    // stricmp IS NOT IN THE ICS 103 SYLLABUS
    if(! stricmp(str1, str2))
      printf("\nThe two strings are equal\n");
    else
      printf("\nThe two strings are not equal\n");
      
    // JOINING (CONCATENATING) A STRING TO ANOTHER STRING: 
    strcat(str1, str2);
    printf("\nAfter concatenation:\n");
    printf("  String1 is: %s\n", str1);
    printf("  String2 is: %s\n", str2);
    
    // COPYING A STRING TO ANOTHER STRING:
    strcpy(str1, "KFUPM IS MY UNIVERSITY\n");
    printf("\nAfter string copy:\n");
    printf("  String1 is: %s", str1);
    printf("  String2 is: %s", str2);
    
    
    // SEARCHING A CHARACTER IN A STRING:
    printf("\n\nEnter a string to be searched\n");
    gets(str1);
    
    int ch;
    printf("\nEnter a character to search for: ");
    ch = getchar(); 
    
    if(strchr(str1, ch))
       printf("\n\n %c is in %s", ch, str1);
    else
       printf("\n\n %c is not in %s", ch, str1);
     
     fflush(stdin); 
      
    // SEARCHING A STRING IN A STRING:
    printf("\n\nEnter a string to search for in %s : ", str1); 
    gets(str2); 
       
    if(strstr(str1, str2))
       printf("\n%s is in %s\n", str2, str1);
    else
      printf("\n%s is not in %s\n", str2, str1);
      
    // TOKENIZING A STRING EXAMPLE1:
    
    char str[] = "now # is the time for all # ics 103 students # to start preparing # for the final";
    char delims[] = "#";
    char *token;
    
    token = strtok( str, delims );
    while ( token != NULL ) {
        printf( "%s\n", token);
        token = strtok( NULL, delims );
    }
    
    //NOTE strtok MODIFIES ITS FIRST ARGUMENT. WHAT REMAINS IN THE ARGUMENT IS THE FIRST TOKEN:
    puts(str);
    
    puts("=========================================");
    
    // TOKENIZING A STRING EXAMPLE2:
    
    char string[] = "now # is the time for all # ics 103 students # to start preparing # for the final";
    char delimeters[] = "fsp";
    char *t;
    
    t = strtok( string, delimeters );
    
    
    while ( t != NULL ) {
        printf( "%s\n", t);
        t = strtok( NULL, delimeters );
    }
    
    /*   Comment the above while loop  to check the effect of this portion:
    printf( "%s\n", t);
    char *t2;
    t2 = strtok( NULL, delimeters );
    printf( "%s\n", t2);
    */

     //NOTE strtok MODIFIES ITS FIRST ARGUMENT. WHAT REMAINS IN THE ARGUMENT IS THE FIRST TOKEN:
    puts(string); 
    
    puts("========================================="); 
      
    system("pause");
    
    return 0;
}