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Junior Seminar |
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Engineering Design Process
Clive Dym and
Patrick Little in their book, Engineering Design: A Project-Based
Introduction, identify 10 tasks associated with 5 steps in the
engineering design process.
Your "paper
design" presentations will cover the only the "Problem Definition Phase"
and may enter the "Conceptual Design Phase."
A. PROBLEM DEFINITION PHASE
The problem
definition phase is devoted to clarifying the objectives set out by the
client and gathering the information needed to develop an engineering
statement of what the client wants.
Input: client's
statement
Sources:
literature on
state-of-the-art
experts
codes
and regulations
Tasks:
1.
Clarify design objectives
2.
Establish user requirements
3.
Identify constraints
4.
Establish functions
Means:
literature review
brainstorming
user
surveys and questionnaires
structured
interviews
Output:
revised problem
statement
detailed
(weighted) objectives
constraints
user
requirements
functions
B. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN PHASE
The goal of the
conceptual design stage of the design process is the generation of
concepts or schemes of candidate designs.
Input:
revised problem
statement
detailed
(weighted) objectives
constraints
user
requirements
functions
Sources: competitive
products
Tasks:
5. Establish design
specs
6.
Generate design alternatives
Means:
brainstorming
analogies
benchmarking
reverse
engineering (dissection)
Output:
conceptual design(s) or
scheme(s)
design
specifications
C. PRELIMINARY DESIGN PHASE
The goal of the
preliminary design phase is the identification of the principal attributes
of the design concepts or schemes.
Input: conceptual
design(s) or scheme(s)
design
specifications
Sources: heuristics
(rules of thumb)
simple
models
known
physical relationships
Tasks: 7.
Model, analyze conceptual designs
8.
Test, evaluate conceptual designs
Means: metrics
definition
laboratory
experiments
prototype
development
simulation
and computer analysis
proof-of-concept
testing
Output: a
selected design
test-and-evaluation
results
D. DETAILED DESIGN PHASE
The goal of the
detailed design phase is the refinement and detailed definition of the
final design.
Input: selected
design
test-and-evaluation
results
Sources: design
codes
handbooks
local
laws and regulations
suppliers'
component specifications
Task: 9.
Refine, optimize the chosen design
Means: formal
design reviews
public
hearings (if applicable)
beta
testing
Output: proposed
fabrication specifications
final
design review for client
E. DESIGN COMMUNICATION PHASE
The design
communication phase is devoted to documenting the fabrication
specifications and their justification.
Input: fabrication
specifications
Sources: feedback from
clients and users
required
deliverables
Task: 10.
Document the completed design
Output: final
report to client containing
(1)
fabrication specifications
(2)
justification for fabrication specs
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