1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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6
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7
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- Three variables experiments were used to determine the effects of pH,
temperature and organic acid concentration :
- 1. PH value of 2.0 , 7.0 and 12.0
- 2. Temperature of 25 , 55 and 70 C
- 3. High, medium and low
levels of acid concentration
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8
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9
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- Withdrawing 5ml of the crud oil after laying RXN
- 10ml of 0.1M Na2CO3 was added to extract the
organic acids from the crude oil(na2co3extraction
agent)
- The reaction involve (acid-base reaction):
- 2 CH3CO2H + Na2CO3 2 CH3CO2- Na+ + H2CO3
- H2CO3 CO2 + H2o
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10
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- Samples were shacked for 2 hours at 160 osc/min,
- Finally, the aqueous layer was separated from the crude oil and the
aqueous layer analyzed from organic acid by CE
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11
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- 1. Used Shudgm crude oil and Shudgm formation water.
- 2. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah formation
water.
- 3. Used Shybah crude oil and Shudgm formation
water.
- 4. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah high
standard.
- 5. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah medium
standard.
- 6. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah low
standard.
- 7. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah formation
water with ph= 4 by adding 0.1M HCl to the formation water.
- 8. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah formation
water with ph= 10 by adding 0.1M NaOH to the formation water.
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12
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- 9. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah formation
water with ph= 2 by adding 0.1M HCl to the formation water
- 10. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah formation
water with ph= 12 by adding 0.1M NaOH to the formation water
- 11. Used Shybah crude oil and Shybah formation
water, at 70 C to study the effect of temperature
- Each experiment was done twice for more precision and more accuracy
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13
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- A separation technique in which a sample is introduced into a capillary
tube and the compounds are separated by high voltage
- Benefits CE:
- 1. Rapid analyses
- 2. High efficiency
- 3. Low sample consumption
- 4. Ease of use
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14
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15
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- All these results were done by CE, which give the concentrations by ppm
(mg/l).
- 1. Shyabah high standard water extract trial 1:
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16
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17
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- 2. Shyabah high standard oil extract trial 1:
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18
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19
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20
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21
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